Search result

Publication: The business sector and the sustainable development goals - Denmark and neighbouring countries 2021

In this publication the development of the Business sector in relation to selected SDG-goals in Denmark and 7 neighbouring countries are shown. Existing statistics in Eurostat, The European Union Statistical office, are used in the analyses. The developments on economic, environmental and social issues are followed for 14 groups of industries across country., Positive developments in all 8 countries in relation to the SDGs – only minor change, however, as regards gender equality in occupation and earnings, The results, mainly from 2010 to 2019, shows a positive trend in the Business sector in the contribution to fulfilment of the Sustainable Development Goals. In particular, this is the case in relation to emission of climate gasses, where all countries show improvement in the relation between emission and value added. This has, however, also been caused by domestic or European policies on the matter., Connected to the comparisons of the development in the indicators across country, also the differences in business structure are presented together with the actual size of indicators in 2010. The baseline and the room for change is necessary knowledge when assessing the development since. , Expenditures for R&D, relevant information in relation to change to improved sustainability in the Business sector has in general increased since 2010, as well in actual prices as related to the value added in the sector. Poland shows the highest increase, however from a low level, why a decrease in the indicator is the case for Denmark and Finland., A significant decrease in emission of climate gasses from business activities can been seen, as well in actual figures at related to value added. United Kingdom shows larges decrease independent of indicator, while Poland and Netherlands shows only low decrease. The overall figures from Norway is deviating from the general trend, maybe caused by insecurity in emission figures., The gender composition of the employees by type of industry show largely similar pictures in the countries, but also a slight tendency towards more equal composition. Germany and Poland has the highest share of women in the sector, while Norway and Sweden has the lowest share., Regarding gender pay gap, only a rough comparison for the business sector is possible. The figures, however, indicates that Germany and United Kingdom have the largest gender pay gap, while Poland, Sweden and Norway are more close to a situation where women get equal pay for equal  work., Exact references to the Eurostat database tables can be found in the publication. This makes it possible for everyone to make further calculations, for others countries or types of industry and also for the coming years. For 2020 and 2021, however, impact from COVID-19 has to be taken into account in the analyses., Corrections:, Page 28: Greenhouse gases emission, Get as pdf, The business sector and the sustainable development goals - Denmark and neighbouring countries, Colophone, The business sector and the sustainable development goals - Denmark and neighbouring countries, Business, ISBN pdf: 978-87-501-2407-8, Released: 25 May 2022 08:00, No of pages: 37, Contact info:, Ole Olsen, Phone: +45 29 77 14 98

Publication

StatBank API

With Statistics Denmark's API, you can use our StatBank's open data directly in various own applications.

https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/hjaelp-til-statistikbanken/api

Privacy policy

To be able to respond to your enquiry to us, we may find it necessary to share your personal data with others – e.g. public authorities.

https://www.dst.dk/en/OmDS/om-hjemmesiden/privatlivspolitik

Privacy policy

You can find contact information for the Danish Data Protection Agency at

https://www.dst.dk/en/TilSalg/skraeddersyede-loesninger/priser-og-aftalevilkaar/persondatapolitik

Input-output

Here you can find information on the sources that the statistics are derived from, what the statistics contains and how often it is published.

https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/emner/oekonomi/nationalregnskab/input-output

Subject page

Danish data SDDS plus

The data shown in this page correspond to the data described on the International Monetary Fund's Dissemination Standards Bulletin Board (DSBB) and includes links to the SDDS plus data. , For a fuller explanation of the DSBB and the statistical standards to which Denmark has committed, please click on , DSBB Home Page, ., This page is updated on the day that data are released. , Real sector, Fiscal sector, Financial sector, External Sector, Socio-demographic Data, Gender, Data category, National website, SDMX data, Metadata, Real sector, National accounts , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, Sectoral balance sheets , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, Industrial production, index , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, Industrial production, manufacturing and mining, index , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, Retail sales, index , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, Employment , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, Unemployment, number of persons, SA , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, Unemployment, number of persons, NSA , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, Unemployment rate, percent, SA , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, Wages/earnings , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, Consumer price index , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, Producer price index , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, Import price index , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, Fiscal sector, General government total gross debt in nominal values , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, General government - Memorandum items , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, General government operations - Transactions in financial assets and liabilities (Financing) - Quarter , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, General government operations - Transactions in financial assets and liabilities (Financing) - Annual , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, General government operations - Transactions affecting net worth - Quarter , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, General government operations - Transactions affecting net worth - Annual , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, Central government operations , Danmarks Nationalbank, SDMX, Metadata, Central government debt , Danmarks Nationalbank, SDMX, Metadata, Financial sector, Analytical accounts of the banking sector - Domestic assets and liabilitites including lending , Danmarks Nationalbank, SDMX, Metadata, Analytical accounts of the banking sector - Foreign assets and liabilities , Danmarks Nationalbank, SDMX, Metadata, Analytical accounts of the banking sector - Monetary aggregates , Danmarks Nationalbank, SDMX, Metadata, Analytical accounts of the Central Bank (Danmarks Nationalbank) - Domestic lending and securities holding , Danmarks Nationalbank, SDMX, Metadata, Analytical accounts of the Central Bank (Danmarks Nationalbank) - External position , Danmarks Nationalbank, SDMX, Metadata, Interest rates , 2, Danmarks Nationalbank, Metadata, Financial soundness indicators - Deposit taking institutions , Danmarks Nationalbank, SDMX, Metadata, Financial soundness indicators - Residential real estate prices , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, OFCS balance sheet , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, Debt securities , Danmarks Nationalbank, SDMX, Metadata, External Sector, Balance of payments , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, International reserves , Danmarks Nationalbank, SDMX, Metadata, Template on international reserves and foreign liquidity , Danmarks Nationalbank, SDMX, Metadata, Merchandise trade, value of exports and imports (FOB, CIF) , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, Merchandise trade, volume of exports and imports, (FOB, CIF), index , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, Merchandise trade, deflator/unit value of exports and imports, (FOB, CIF), index , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, International investment position , Danmarks Nationalbank, SDMX, Metadata, Gross external debt , Danmarks Nationalbank, SDMX, Metadata, Coordinated portfolio investment survey , Danmarks Nationalbank, Metadata, Coordinated direct investment survey , Danmarks Nationalbank, Metadata, Currency composition of official foreign exchange reserves , 3, Danmarks Nationalbank, Metadata, Exchange rates , 2, Danmarks Nationalbank, Metadata, Socio-demographic Data, Population , 4, Statistics Denmark, SDMX, Metadata, Gender, Labor Force Participation Rate by Gender , Statistics Denmark, SDMX, 1, ) Data will be released no later than 2018, 2, ) SDMX dissemination is not required for this category., 3, ) Participate, 4, ) Population at the first day of the quarter

https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/IMF/Imf

Documentation of statistics: The annual and quarterly working time accounts before the 2016 revision (Discontinued)

Contact info, Labour Market , Get documentation of statistics as pdf, The Annual and Quarterly Working Time Accounts Before the 2016 revision 2016 Quarter 1 , Previous versions, The Annual and Quarterly Working Time Accounts 2014 Quarter 3, The Annual and Quarterly Working Time Accounts 2014 Quarter 4, The Annual and Quarterly Working Time Accounts 2015 Quarter 1, The Annual and Quarterly Working Time Accounts 2015 Quarter 2, The Annual and Quarterly Working Time Accounts 2015 Quarter 3, The Annual and Quarterly Working Time Accounts 2015 Quarter 4, The Danish Working Time Accounts (WTA) is an integrated statistics with consistent time series on employment, number of jobs, hours worked and compensation of employees in both annual and quarterly basis. The current time series goes back to 2008 (quarterly statistics as from the 1st quarter of 2008)., Statistical presentation, The Working Time Accounts produce integrated statistics with consistent time series on employment, jobs, number of hours worked and compensation of employees on an annual and quarterly basis. The data basis is made up by a number of primary statistical data, which are adapted and adjusted to achieve agreement of the concepts and definitions used in the WTA system., The statistical sources used in the WTA are: , The Register-Based Labour Force statistics (RAS), , Establishment-related employment statistics (ERE statistics), , The Structural Earning Statistics (SES), , Employment Statistics for Employees (BfL) og , The Labour Force Survey (LFS)., Read more about statistical presentation, Statistical processing, The population and concepts as well as levels of the variables are defined by annual structural data sources. Short-term data sources are applied in projecting these levels over the months of the year and in periods for which structural data are not available. Summation of the data in the Working Time Account is conducted before they are projected. Data in the Working Time Account are seasonally adjusted both for use in Denmark as well as for use in Eurostat’s STS. The system contains a data-editing system, a correction system and a dissemination system., Read more about statistical processing, Relevance, Users interested in the social and economic statistics have expressed satisfaction with the quality of the statistics. However, they also expressed frustration over large data breaches, especially in the transition to e-Income-based sources., Read more about relevance, Accuracy and reliability, There are no calculations of the measures of accuracy., See section quality assessment., Read more about accuracy and reliability, Timeliness and punctuality, Working hours are regularly published in accordance with Statistics Denmark's benchmark goals. , For quarterly statistics concerned, this goal implies that the publications to be released at the latest ​​by the end of the following quarter. For the sake of short-term business regulation (STS), this implies that the WTA to be published typically by the middle of the last month of the following quarter. (The requirement for most employment series for STS is 2 months and 15 days). For annual statistics concerned, this implies that publications to be released at the latest by the end of the following year. In the interest of national accounts the annual WTA will be published in June with provisional figures for the previous year. This makes the annually WTA for the year , t, to be published in the same month as the publication of the quarterly WTA for the period , 1 quarter t +1, . , The transition to the new WTA resulted, however, that annual WTA 2011, based on the new eIncome sources, were not published until December 2012, whereas the publication of the quarterly statistics has not given rise to any delay., Read more about timeliness and punctuality, Comparability, WTA deliver labour market data to Eurostat's corporate short-term regulation (STS) and the national accounts (ESA / ESA). Therefore, changes in these regulations typically result in changes in the WTA. A description of the transitional tables between the WTA and the National Accounts can be found in the publications on the National Accounts. Transitional tables between the WTA and the Register-based Labour Force Statistics and the Establishment-related Employment Statistics are published in Statistical News ("Statistiske Efterretninger") for the annual WTA., Read more about comparability, Accessibility and clarity, The statistics are published in: , News from Statistics Denmark (Nyt fra Danmarks Statistik), , in the series Statistical News ("Statistiske Efterretninger") and , in the Statbank Denmark ("Danmarks Statistikbank")., Read more about accessibility and clarity

https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/dokumentation/documentationofstatistics/the-annual-and-quarterly-working-time-accounts-before-the-2016-revision--discontinued-

Documentation of statistics

Documentation of statistics: Indices of Earnings for the Public Sector (Discontinued)

Contact info, Personal Finances and Welfare , Get documentation of statistics as pdf, Indices of Earnings for the Public Sector 2019 , Previous versions, Indices of Earnings for the Public Sector 2018, Indices of Earnings for the Public Sector 2017, Indices of Earnings for the Public Sector 2016, Indices of Earnings for the Public Sector 2015, Indices of Earnings for the Public Sector 2014, The purpose of the index is to indicate trends in wages paid in the public sector (central and local governments) analyzed by main sectors of economic activity. The index covers more or less all employees in the public sector, including salaried employees, apprentices and young employees under the age 18. Data are mainly extracted from the public pay transfer systems and refer to the second month in the quarter of interest. The published index is broken down by main sectors of economic activity (38-grouping of NACE rev. 2), and indicate trends in relation to the basic quarter (first quarter of 2005) and in relation to the same quarter of the previous year. Since the release of the third quarter of 2008 there has been a change in the base period of the index, which is now the first quarter of 2005., Statistical presentation, The index is based on information on wages obtained from more or less all employees in the public sector. Data are mainly extracted from the public pay transfer systems and refer to the second month in the quarter of interest. The published index is broken down by main sectors of economic activity (38-grouping of NACE rev. 2), and indicate trends in relation to the basic quarter (first quarter of 2005) and in relation to the same quarter of the previous year. , From the first quarter of 2013 a new delimitation regarding the categorizing of sectors (state, regional, municipal or private) came into force. The new sector delimitation now follows the same principles as the one applied for the national accounts. The previous delimitation of sectors is available until the fourth quarter of 2013. , This documentation of statistics relates to the index of average earnings with the base period 1. quarter of 2005=100. The documentation of statistics with the base period 1. quarter of 1995 is attached as an annex., Read more about statistical presentation, Statistical processing, Data are collected for more or less all persons employed in the public sector in Denmark and refer to the second month of the quarter in interest. Before production of the index is started, the data are roughly searched for errors. But there are also performed search for errors later in the process, e.g. by looking at the rate of increase in the average wages for each company or organisation. Each employment is given a weight after the share of hours worked in relation to a full-timer’s normal hours, which is used when adding observations to calculate the rate of increase for an enterprise or branch of economic activity., Read more about statistical processing, Relevance, Private enterprises and organizations in Denmark and abroad, and ministries and other public institutions are the most frequent users of the index. The index is especially used in relation to regulation of contracts. In addition to that, the index plays a vital part in the wage negotiations of employees in the public sector., Read more about relevance, Accuracy and reliability, Since the index is based on information on wages obtained from more or less all publicly employed persons through public pay transfer systems, the accuracy and reliability of the index is considered to be high. At the same time, there are some small uncertainties regarding the index which it is a good idea to be aware of when applying the index., Read more about accuracy and reliability, Timeliness and punctuality, The index of average earnings is published approximately 45 days after the end of the quarter in question. The punctuality of the publication is considered high and there has been no delays of any kind during the last years., Read more about timeliness and punctuality, Comparability, Improvements in the index are continuously being made. If major errors have been rectified, the index has, as far as possible, been revised back to the first quarter of 1995 when calculations of the index began. From the first quarter of 2013 a new delimitation of sectors (state, regional, municipal or private) has been applied. Hence causing a breach in the data between the fourth quarter of 2012 and the first quarter of 2013. , The index of average earnings in the public sector, is comparable and in many ways similar to the , index of average earnings for Corporations and Organisations, . Internationally, the index is to some degree comparable to wage indices of the public sector in other countries., Read more about comparability, Accessibility and clarity, These statistics are published in the Statbank under , Implicit index of average earnings, ., Read more about accessibility and clarity

https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/dokumentation/documentationofstatistics/indices-of-earnings-for-the-public-sector--discontinued-

Documentation of statistics

Documentation of statistics: Indices of Average Earnings for the Private Sector (Discontinued)

Contact info, Personal Finances and Welfare , Get documentation of statistics as pdf, Indices of Average Earnings for the Private Sector 2019 , Previous versions, Indices of Average Earnings for the Private Sector 2018, Indices of Average Earnings for the Private Sector 2017, Indices of Average Earnings for the Private Sector 2016, Indices of Average Earnings for the Private Sector 2015, Indices of Average Earnings for the Private Sector 2014, The purpose of the index of average earnings is to indicate trends in earnings for different industries in the private sector exclusive of enterprises categorised as public administration or -services (state, regional or municipal). The index of average earnings was first published for the first quarter of 1994 under the name , the index of average earnings in the private sector, . Since then the index has been published based on the Danish Industrial Classification of 1996 (DB96), Danish Industrial Classification of 2003 (DB03) and since the third quarter of 2008 based on the Danish Industrial Classification of 2007 (DB07). Moreover, the index of average earnings replaced the index of hourly earnings for workers in manufacturing industry and the index of monthly earnings for salaried employees in manufacturing industry, which were discontinued at the end of 1997., Statistical presentation, The index of average earnings comprises all employees, salaried employees (white collar employee or officials) and wage-earners (blue collar workers) as well as apprentices and young people under 18 years employed in a business enterprise with 10 or more persons in the private sector. The entire private sector is covered by the indices, including e.g. employees in private schools and private hospitals. Still, the index does not include enterprises belonging to either the agriculture or fisheries industries. In accordance with the nomenclature DB07 (Danish Industrial Classification 2007), the the index is broken down by industry and since the third quarter of 2008 published at the most detailed level according to the 36-grouping in DB07. For a period between the first quarter of 2005 and the second quarter of 2008, the indices were only published at the 10-grouping level., Read more about statistical presentation, Statistical processing, Data are collected from the private enterprises and organisations that are included in the sample and cover the second month of the quarter in question. To start with, a rough search for errors is performed on the data. Then, the change in the average earnings per hour from the previous quarter is calculated for each enterprise. Only enterprises where data exists for both quarters are included in the computations. The average hourly wage per observations in the sample is then weighted to take account of all enterprises in a specific branch of economic activity in the population. A total figure for the average hourly wage and the rate of increase from the last quarter is then calculated for each branch of economic activity. After this the index point and the annual rate of increase is calculated for each branch. Finally the total index point and annual rate of increase is found as a total for all branches., Read more about statistical processing, Relevance, Private corporations and organisations in Denmark and abroad, and ministries and other public institutions are the most frequent users of the index. The index is especially used in relation to regulation of contracts. In addition to that, the index plays a vital part in the wage negotiations of employees in the public sector., Read more about relevance, Accuracy and reliability, The accuracy and reliability is mainly affected by two factors. First of all, the index is based on a sample, which in itself cause some uncertainty. Second of all, there is some uncertainty connected to the completeness in the collected data, which is often caused by errors in the way the system is generated for transmission of data. An example of this is a payroll system where the different wage compositions are not correctly linked or reported, and thus give an inaccurate picture of the development of wages. The problem with errors like these is that they tend to be difficult to discover. For example would reporting of a low and wrong value for irregular payments result in too high calculation of wage developments, as the irregular payments could not be separated from the wage component., Read more about accuracy and reliability, Timeliness and punctuality, The index of average earnings is published approximately 60 days after the end of the quarter in question. The punctuality of the publication is considered high and there has been no delays of any kind during the last years., Read more about timeliness and punctuality, Comparability, The index of average earnings for Corporations and Organizations, replace , the index of average earnings of the private sector, which was last published for the fourth quarter of 2013. The comparability of the two indices is considered to be high. The difference has to do with the new applied delimitations of the sectors, where some of the public owned enterprises, such as Danish Railways (DSB) and some of the municipal owned resource centers, now according to the new delimitations of the sectors belong to “the index of average earnings of Corporations and Organizations”. The new sector delimitations were applied in the indices going back to first quarter of 2013, where it caused a small data breach., Read more about comparability, Accessibility and clarity, These statistics are published in the Statbank under , Implicit index of average earnings, ., Read more about accessibility and clarity

https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/dokumentation/documentationofstatistics/indices-of-average-earnings-for-the-private-sector--discontinued-

Documentation of statistics

Documentation of statistics: Public Expenditure and Revenue on the Environment

Contact info, Government Finances, Economic Statistics , Jonas Foged Svendsen , +45 21 34 73 19 , JFS@dst.dk , Get documentation of statistics as pdf, Public Expenditure and Revenue on the Environment 2024 , Previous versions, Public Expenditure and Revenue on the Environment 2023, Public Expenditure and Revenue on the Environment 2022, Public Expenditure and Revenue on the Environment 2021, Public Expenditure and Revenue on the Environment 2018, Public sector environmental protection plus environmental related taxes and subsidies 2017, Public sector environmental protection plus environmental related taxes and subsidies 2016, Public sector environmental protection plus environmental related taxes and subsidies 2016, Public sector environmental protection plus environmental related taxes and subsidies 2014, Public Expenditure and Revenue on the Environment 2013, Public Expenditure and Revenue on the Environment 2012, The statistics Public Expenditure and Revenue on the Environment are part of the green national accounts. The statistics establishes a link between public expenditure and revenue and public environmental protection activities. The statistics are used, inter alia, in relation to political decisions in the environmental field, environmental economic analyses and international comparisons of the various EU countries' environmental efforts. The statics date back to 1995. , Statistical presentation, The statistics is an annual measurement and consist of three focus areas: environmental protection, green taxes and environmental subsidies. In conjunction with a number of international classifications, these focus areas form the framework for the link between public expenditure and revenues and the public environmental protection activities. The focus areas of the statistics are also linked to a description of the public sector as a sector consisting of state, municipalities, regions and public corporations., Read more about statistical presentation, Statistical processing, The data sources for this statistics consist of accounts from state, municipalities, regions and public corporations that are coded for national accounts based on the manual of the European National Accounting System (ESA2010) and stored in the database DIOR (Database for Integrated Public Accounts). Based on thorough analyses, a list of criteria is drafted, which determines which account items are to be drawn from DIOR in order to compile the statistics. The selected account items are sorted and aggregated according to environmental purposes and categories, real-economic type and sector., Read more about statistical processing, Relevance, The figures in these statistics are relevant, among other things, in connection with political decisions in the environmental field, environmental economic analyses and international comparisons of the individual EU countries' environmental efforts. The most obvious users of the statistics are various ministries, agencies and organizations, as well as media and research institutions. Statistics Denmark receives information about the users' needs and satisfaction via the Contact Committee for Environmental Economic Accounts and Statistics., Read more about relevance, Accuracy and reliability, It is estimated that green taxes are the most accurate of the three main areas of the statistics, followed by environmental subsidies and environmental protection respectively. Sources of uncertainty include: misstatements in public accounts, the risk of overlooked items, the risk of incorrectly included items, the possibility of misclassification, and uncertainty regarding estimates of the environmental share of various accounts. Furthermore, the industry distribution of green taxes and environmental subsidies is based on a number of assumptions, which are also subject to uncertainty., Read more about accuracy and reliability, Timeliness and punctuality, The statistics are published annually one month after the publication of the public finance accounts. The figures follow the National Accounts audit schedule and will only be finalized three years after the end of the accounting period. The statistics are usually published without delay in relation to the time announced., Read more about timeliness and punctuality, Comparability, The figures in these statistics are comparable to other statistics in several different ways. Through transmissions to Eurostat, the figures are made comparable with the other EU countries according to Regulation No 691/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council on European environmental economic accounts. The figures are comparable over time, and finally the figures are comparable to other figures within the national accounting framework., Read more about comparability, Accessibility and clarity, These statistics are published in a Danish , press release, . The figures can be found in the StatBank under , Green Economy, . In addition, these statistics feature in the , Environmental-Economic Accounts, ., Read more about accessibility and clarity

https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/dokumentation/documentationofstatistics/public-expenditure-and-revenue-on-the-environment

Documentation of statistics