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    Go to target 9.4: Upgrade all industries and infrastructures for sustainability Go to target 9.4
    Target 9.5: Target 9.5

    Target 9.5

    Enhance scientific research, upgrade the technological capabilities of industrial sectors in all countries, in particular developing countries, including, by 2030, encouraging innovation and substantially increasing the number of research and development workers per 1 million people and public and private research and development spending.

    Go to target 9.a Go to target 9.a: Facilitate sustainable infrastructure development for developing countries

    Indicators

    9.5.1: Research expenditure
    9.5.2: Researchers

    9.5.1

    9.5.2
    Research and Development costs in per cent of GDP
    Unit: Per cent of GDP
    Unit: Per cent of GDP
    20132014201520162017201820192020202120222023
    Total2.972.913.053.102.903.002.902.952.882.803.05
    Enterprice1.881.861.942.021.901.901.801.831.751.731.90
    Public sector1.091.061.121.081.101.101.101.121.131.071.15
    The latest year is preliminary data.

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    Definition

    Expenditure on research and development is based on the statistics Business Enterprise Research and Development and Research and Development in the Public Sector. The statistics are collected annually by Statistics Denmark. Expenditure on research and development is shown in relation to GDP for the same years.

    Last updated:

    01-04-2025
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